Extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) has found its place in the medical treatment of various diseases of the locomotor system such as: acute fracture, nonunion, chronic tendinitis and pseudoarthrosis. Focused ESWT (fESWT) enables maximum energy in the therapeutic zone and depth of penetration can be adjusted. Radial, unfocused pressure shock wave therapy (rESWT) is the most efficient on the superficial tissues, and its energy decreases by the distance of the applicator. Aim The aim was to analyze the quality of the tissue during healing of the bone, muscle and tendon, and to examine the difference in the effectiveness of the application of rESW and fESW on healing. Materials and methods For the purpose of this investigation 84 female Wistar rats were divided in fESWT group (n=36), rESWT group (n=36) and controls (n=12). Animals were treated with fESW of the different density of energy and rESW with different pressures. In imunohystochemical analysis of the callus, rabbit polyclonal antibodies: anti - BMP - 7, anti - GDF - 5 and anti - VGF - A were used, and in the analysis of the tendon anti – VGF - A antibody was used. Cross-sectional area (CSA) of the tissues in the callus was measured by histomorphometry. Results ESWT group had the largest CSA of the bone trabeculae compared to controls. Post-hoc analyses revealed the largest CSA of the bone trabeculae (1.7 mm2) and the smallest CSA of the cartilage (0.04 mm2) at 22nd day of the rESWT group. Histological analyses of muscle recovery points to a good organization of muscle fibers on the 15th day of the healing by the rESW and on the 22nd day of the healing by the fESW. During tendon healing, significant amplification of collagen fibers was observed on the 15th day by the rESW healing, as seen on the 22nd day by the fESW healing. By acting on bone with rESW, the highest percentage of the VEGF - A positive vascular space and BMP - 7 positive fibrocite / fibroblast was found on 15th day of healing. Immunohystochemical analysis of the rat's tendon revealed the highest expression of the VEGF - A positive vascular spaces on 15th day of the healing by rESW. Conclusion Long bone fracture repair is enhanced in ESWT group. Comparison between fESW and rESW suggests that rESW strongly stimulates processes of the callus ossification than fESW. rESW is the most effective during process of healing of fractures of the rat’s fibula and in stimulating recovery of the m. peroneus and patellar tendon.